Specifically, the BAPC model assumes prior distribution of the age effect as follows: Considering that we are interested in the incident case counts for age group , with a period into the future, the following equation can be applied: In this study, we add an independent random effect to adjust for overdispersion
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The framing of smoking as unhygienic and immoral has intensified as smoking became more common in lower social strata (Graham 2012) and in the later stage of the cigarette epidemic, the stigmatization and exclusion of smokers is increasingly associated with social disadvantage (Dennis 2013
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