The practice, commonly used by the tobacco industry, [2] [3] organized crime syndicates and rebel groups, is a form of tax evasion
Mr Martin believes this money is flowing into the black market
One leading criminology expert called the networks behind the supply of illegal cigarettes the "golden thread for understanding serious organised crime", because of its links to people trafficking and, in some cases, illegal immigration
Independent supermarket owner Sumeet Cheema said illegal tobacco was the biggest challenge his business faced at the moment, along with cost-of-living pressures
However, its also important to recognize that black markets can sometimes fill gaps left by formal economies, particularly during times of crisis or in heavily regulated economies
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