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The proton that it delivers has been previously scrubbed of deuterium through the action of isomerases to exchange deuterium with hydrogen in the cytoplasmic water and techniques exploited by flavoproteins such as proton tunneling to support a high deuterium kinetic isotope effect (KIE) (Seneff and Kyriakopoulos, 2025a)

Among them, 7 metabolites were common between the four groups (black rectangle in Fig

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 269:21852188 Esterberg R, Linbo T, Pickett SB, Wu P, Ou HC, Rubel EW, Raible DW (2016) Mitochondrial calcium uptake underlies ROS generation during aminoglycoside-induced hair cell death

Thats a sign your body is adjusting

But the pattern matches what nutritionists see anecdotally: internal change first, visible change later

JCO 36, 603