MOTS-c, on the other hand, enhances mitochondrial function, which can improve energy production, glucose control, and overall metabolic health
Genetic proof-of-concept Kraus et al
A 2025 European Journal of Clinical Nutrition commentary on the NICE guideline argued that the diagnostic threshold and clinical awareness still need to be tightened further, especially around pernicious anaemia, which is still under-recognised in primary care
How do you know if you're getting enough
05 Adjust As Needed Your wellness plan may evolve depending on your goals, response, schedule, and provider guidance
therefore, calcium supplementation is not currently prescribed for the prevention or treatment of metformin-induced vitamin B 12 deficiency (145)