While singly-housed animals may experience stress that impacts metabolism, body weight, and adiposity 65,66,67,68,69 , the singly-housed animals in this study were treated identically (to the best of the experimenters ability) to minimize and equalize stress across all animals and reduce confounding variables
For vitamin B deficiency (e.g., pernicious anemia), a common regimen is to begin with frequent intramuscular injections to replenish body stores
However, exclusive use of folic acid in treating vitamin B12 deficient megaloblastic anemia could result in progressive and irreversible neurologic damage
Though human research is still emerging, its mechanism of action is promising for metabolic conditions, obesity, and possibly age-related fatigue
Human translation timelines are less defined due to limited clinical data, but based on pharmacokinetic principles and the upstream nature of NNMT inhibition, expect detectable metabolic shifts within 68 weeks if dosing and purity are appropriate
Do B12 injections require a prescription