Oral peptides can be partially degraded by stomach acid and digestive enzymes for bioavailability concerns, which may limit the amount of active BPC-157 reaching target cells
The immune system treats the peptide as a foreign compound, raising the risk of abnormal immune reactions in susceptible individuals
It is also used to treat pernicious anemia, vitamin B 12 deficiency (due to low intake from food or inability to absorb due to genetic or other factors), thyrotoxicosis, hemorrhage, malignancy, liver disease and kidney disease
When using the calculator is the volume at the bottom the amount you draw up in the syringe
If you dont supplement, an elevated B12 can be a marker for underlying conditions including liver disease, kidney dysfunction, or certain blood disorders
Patient overlap: In a clinical setting, these tools are not either/or