Ethics declarations Ethics approval and consent to participate Our study was according to the ethical guidelines of the Helsinki Declaration and was approved by the Human Ethics Committee of the The First Peoples Hospital of Zhengzhou City
Figure S2: Longitudinal changes in the concentration of biochemical parameters (A) 8-OHdG, (B) Fasting Glucose, (C) PP Glucose, (D) HbA1c, (E) Fasting Insulin, and (F) PP Insulin in elderly diabetic subjects
Free radicals, like reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), are naturally occurring, toxic compounds that are formed when the body converts food to energy
And in our 30s, 40s, and beyond, we may slowly begin to notice some physiological changes
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Most peptides are degraded in the GI tract before they can exert biological effects, but KPVs small size (three amino acids) and PepT1 affinity allow it to reach intestinal tissue intact