GHK-Cu treatment reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and decreased TNF- and IL-6 production by inhibiting NF-B p65 and p38 MAPK signaling in LPS-induced macrophages and ALI models
Importantly, GHK-Cu did not negatively impact cell proliferation or NO secretion in these macrophages, suggesting its protective effects were specific to inflammatory pathways rather than general cytotoxicity [1]
Plant: arnica and peppermint extracts, natural care
Peptides produced under controlled conditions with quality management systems deliver more consistent results than those made in facilities without such oversight
Clinical Trials Multicenter, randomized controlled trial: To verify the efficacy and safety of AOD 9604 in humans
Peptide chemistry fundamentals on N-terminal acetylation and C-terminal amidation the same modifications are used across many other research peptides (Selank, Semax variants, others), so understanding the chemistry pays off broadly
