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Vitamin B12 can be given in the subcutaneous tissue or intramuscularly

has guided thousands of patients to learn how these shots work, how long their effects can last, and what factors might affect their duration

For now, indirect metabolic biomarkers remain the primary feedback mechanism

The injection helps support nerve function and relieve deficiency-related symptoms

A 2025 European Journal of Clinical Nutrition commentary on the NICE guideline argued that the diagnostic threshold and clinical awareness still need to be tightened further, especially around pernicious anaemia, which is still under-recognised in primary care

Your health care team can also help you manage your B12 levels and any chronic conditions that may lead to a B12 deficiency