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It binds to the antioxidant glutathione, enhancing the production of ROS, and leading to inflammation and mitochondrial damage [42, 43]
Because cellular damage of endothelial cells exposed to homocysteine may be prevented by pretreatment of cells with catalase, which allows the detoxification of hydrogen peroxide that freely crosses the cell membrane (Starkebaum and Harlan, 1986
The skin, in particular, has its own antioxidant defense system that eliminates excess ROS through both enzymatic and non-enzymatic pathways, thereby maintaining redox balance and prevent the damage of ROS to cellular tissues ( Although ROS contribute to oxidative stress and inflammation, they are also essential for normal physiological functions
A joint is not a single tissue
Despite the increasing number of research articles and reviews elaborating on the mechanisms of ferroptosis, the development of ferroptosis inducers and inhibitors has been slow, with few drugs reaching clinical trials and practice
Cao J-Y, Wang B, Tang T-T, et al
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