Biomarkers of ROS-induced chemical modifications This class involves biomarkers resulting from the direct attack of ROS/RNS in biomolecules such as modifications of proteins
While these receptors are present at the synapse between inner hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons, their activation in the mature cochlea is often linked to excitotoxicity, with ototoxic drugs like aspirin enabling their response (Wang et al., 2021)
Multiple sclerosis is a complex autoimmune disease that targets the central nervous system, leading to severe disruption in the transmission of nerve signals
Each one is avoidable with a careful read of the steps earlier in this guide
defined as a barrier that surrounds the brain and spinal cord and is formed by astrocytic endfeet processes that limit the perivascular space
[DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar] [119].Williams CD, Farhood A, Jaeschke H