Devon Abelman, contributor More to know Types of vitamin C: 3-O-ethyl ascorbic acid, ascorbic acid (percentages undisclosed) Other key ingredients: 63% Hippophae rhamnoides water, 5% niacinamide, 2% tranexamic acid Fragrance-free: yes Best for Advanced Users: CosRx Advanced The Vitamin C 23 Why it's worth it: If youre not new to the vitamin C gamesay, youre ready to graduate from CosRxs lower-dose The Vitamin C 13 SerumCosRxs The Vitamin C 23 Serum turns things up with a potent 23% concentration of L-ascorbic acid (the pure, biologically active form of vitamin Cwhile ascorbic acid is the broader chemical name youll see on ingredient lists, it typically refers to this same L-form in skin care)
The 2024 Zaki study did show 2.5mm outperformed 1.5mm for atrophic acne scars, but with significantly more downtime and erythema
[3] Inflammatory Pathway & Cytokine Research Laboratory models investigate: NF-B transcriptional pathway regulation through kinase modulation Cytokine expression studies (TNF-, IL-1, IL-6, COX-2) in cell culture Inflammatory mediator production in in vitro inflammation models Oxidative stress pathway research in cellular systems Research examines NF-B activity modulation and its effects on inflammatory mediator transcription in controlled laboratory conditions
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Anti-Inflammatory Effects & Mucosal Protection Chronic inflammation underlies many GI conditions, from Crohns disease to IBS
While the exposure from bacteriostatic water is very low, there is a theoretical risk that an infant could ingest benzyl alcohol through breast milk
