For example, one study found that silymarin supplementation led to a significant increase in total glutathione content in the liver, intestine, and stomach of animal models
Plant Sign Behav 8:e23021 Tsai YC, Hong CY, Liu LF, Kao CH (2005) Expression of ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase in roots of rice seedlings in response to NaCl and H 2 O 2
Gen Comp Endocrinol (2010) 165:6071
Status: Research phase Not FDA-approved Predominantly Eastern European literature SC injection or nasal spray Caveat: Most research originates from a single group
Individuals with insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, or pre-diabetes
Supports DMPK, toxicology, and follow-up studies on bioactivation pathways