A review of the preservatives used in protein and peptide formulations draws the line plainly: some agents are microbiostatic and prevent microbial growth, while others are microbicidal and act by killing microorganisms
B12 injections are also used to treat people with malabsorption (gastrointestinal conditions that prevent proper absorption of B12 from the gut), for example, people with atrophic gastritis (stomach inflammation) and intrinsic factor deficiency (pernicious anemia) or those who have undergone surgical procedures such as gastrectomy or small bowel resection (stomach or intestine removed), autoimmune diseases, etc
The exact dose may depend on individual needs and should be determined by a medical professional
doi: 10.3389/fneur.2020.623914 6 Armada-MoreiraA.GomesJ
The behaviour of Lactobacillus arabinosus towards nicotinic acid and its derivatives (in Eng)
Vitamin B12 Injections are available in multiple concentrations: 0.5mg/ml, 1mg/ml, 0.5mg/2ml, and 1mg/2ml