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Vaping delivers nicotine through the lungs, which can cause respiratory irritation, while pouches deliver it orally, impacting gum tissue, digestion, and potentially your microbiome
About 10% of kids surveyed used e-cigarettes, and more than 3% chose the oral nicotine products
[65] Cunningham et al
To help eliminate the use of animals in the risk assessment of TNCPs, it is recommended to: encourage pre-submission meetings between the agency and applicants to get early feedback on proposed NAMs provide consistent and transparent evaluations of application dossiers establish an international government-to-government collaboration initiative (similar to e.g., Accelerating the Pace of Chemical Risk Assessment [APCRA] for industrial chemicals) establish an open exchange forum between agencies, the regulated community, and other experts to discuss NAMs and how they can be applied for risk assessment purposes conduct retrospective reviews of submitted applications (such as PMTAs) with an aim to identify clear information needs for risk assessments organize regular workshops and webinars on the use of NAMs in risk assessment publicly share data to avoid duplicative testing and aid in read-across (e.g., the INTERVALS database) Collaborative efforts will advance the harmonized use and acceptance of reliable, fit-for-purpose NAMs that inform human biology
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