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Carcinogen biomarkers are important in establishing carcinogen dose in people who are exposed to tobacco products and in understanding mechanisms of carcinogenesis, and might ultimately be useful in predicting cancer risk
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For example, Imperial plans to focus on marketing closed vapour products (ie, prefilled) in the USA, open vapour products (ie, refillable) in the UK and HTPs in Germany.106 Meanwhile, Altria in the USA has marketed their HTPs, IQOS and Heatsticks within a number of US states.107 IQOS is currently the only HTP approved for sale on the US market.115 However, there is currently a lawsuit in the USA, as well as in Germany, against PMI filed by BAT.115 116 Reynolds American, the US BAT subsidiary, claims that the heating technology used in IQOS is a patent infringement and is seeking an importation ban.115 116 They claim that PMI copied patented technology developed for BAT products, including Glo, Vuse Vibe and Vuse Solo.115 116 While the cases are ongoing, PMI argues that even if they are at fault, the USA should not exclude IQOS from the market because of the potential to reduce smoking.115 116 The role of explicit harm reduction claims in transitioning smokers to other forms of nicotine delivery is yet to be determined
Nicotine Effects: Central Nervous System Dizziness Lightheadedness Abnormal sleep disturbances Blood-flow risk Headache Nicotine Effects: Cardiovascular System Atherosclerosis Aortic enlargement and dissection Increased clotting Heart rate fluctuation Increased blood pressure Coronary artery disease Tachycardia Arrhythmias Nicotine Effects: Respiratory System Shortness of breath Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Bronchospasm Cancer Nicotine Effects: Muscular System Spinal disc degeneration Joint pain Tremors Nicotine Effects: Gastrointestinal System Peptic ulcer Diarrhea Nausea Dry mouth Heartburn Dyspepsia Cancer Mentioned health effects can all be attributed to nicotine but are greatly exacerbated by other compounds usually found in tobacco products, such as tar, carbon monoxide, toluene, or any of the other 4,000 substances regularly found in cigarettes
The research discussed here clearly shows that switching to this particular smoke-free product can reduce the harm from smoking compared with continued cigarette use, and that the impact of switching on a persons health likely adds up over time.
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