Nicotine: Its functions and addictionthats why people smoke cigarettes Nicotine is a sedative and stimulant chemical compound with the formula C 10 H 14 N 2, and it is highly toxic
smoking-related disease costs the economy another $185 billion in lost productivity
Broad scientific consensus is that regulated nicotine e-cigarettes are highly, highly likely to be much less harmful than conventional cigarettes, but not harmless. Both varenicline, a World Health Organization essential medicine, and cytisine help reduce the symptoms of withdrawal
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Together, these findings suggest that chronic cigarette exposure activates a coordinated, multilayered stress adaptation program that maintains redox balance and metabolic stability, promoting sustained proliferation and long-term survival within the pulmonary system under oxidative pressure
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