Respiratory Issues : Menthol can irritate the airways, leading to chronic bronchitis and other respiratory problems
With FDA regulation looming, some companies have worked to distance themselves from e-cigarette terminology by giving their products other monikers such as e-hookahs and vape pens. Other companies have given their e-cigarettes greater flexibility by allowing them to vaporize loose leaf tobacco and other nicotine products along with e-liquid
The main inflammatory cytokines released upon cigarette smoking include IL (interleukin)-6, IL-1, IL-8 and CXCL-8, released by broncho-epithelial cells, and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-), nitric oxide (NO) and granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), which are released by the macrophages in the alveolar space (Paudel et al., 2022c)
We ask patients to quit smoking two months prior to surgery
Regular maintenance and checking your batteries can help extend the life of vaping devices and prevent health risks
At some point in their lives, about one third of current ENDS users (38% overall) had stopped using ENDS for at least one day because they were trying to quit for good (Figure 8)
