Roboty Google nieustannie przechadzają się zakątkami internetu w poszukiwaniu potencjalnie przydatnych użytkownikom internetu informacji. Dotarcie do wszystkich podstron danej witryny (zwłaszcza w przypadku rozbudowanych sklepów internetowych posiadających po kilka tysięcy podstron) jest dość trudne dla robotów sieciowych, ponieważ posiadają one ograniczone zasoby.
W takich przypadkach warto pomóc im w nawigacji po Twojej witrynie. Gwarantuję, roboty Ci się za to odwdzięczą! Jak stworzyć sitemapę? Jakie to niesie za sobą benefity? Zapraszam do lektury!
Sitemap.xml – czym właściwie jest?
Mapa sieciowa to nic innego jak zbiór wszystkich adresów URL podstron Twojej strony internetowej. To niepozorny plik, zwykle w formacie XML (język znaczników), który stanowi istotną wskazówkę dla robotów Google w postaci nawigacji poprzez zakamarki Twojej witryny.
Pewnie zastanawiasz się, dlaczego jest to istotne pod względem SEO? Jak już wspomniałam, roboty mają limitowane zasoby.
Swoją “podróż” ograniczają do kilkunastu/kilkudziesięciu podstron na dzień, a co za tym idzie – nie zawsze będą to podstrony dla Ciebie newralgiczne. I tutaj na białym koniu wjeżdża nasza sitemapa, która umożliwia nam stworzenie strategii indeksowania i ustalenia hierarchii naszych linków.
Zastanów się tylko – czy adres URL, np. polityki prywatności, jest bardziej istotny niż adres URL podstrony z opisem Twojej oferty? No własnie…
Mam nadzieję, że teraz już wiesz dlaczego mapa sieciowa jest ważna, więc teraz przejdźmy do konkretów!
Jak utworzyć plik sitemap.xml?
Wbrew pozorom, jest to banalnie proste i istnieje wiele sposobów by to zrobić. Jest to możliwe nawet bez CMS’a, ponieważ w internecie można znaleźć dużo darmowych programów generujących site mapę.
Jednym z nich jest Screaming Frog, jednak tutaj uprzedzam – jest bezpłatna tylko dla witryn posiadających mniej niż 500 podstron.
Po instalacji programu, wystarczy kliknąć w zakładkę “Mode” na górnym pasku -> “Spider”, a następnie wkleić adres strony oraz wybrać “Sitemaps” na pasku narzędzi, po czym kliknąć ”Create XML Sitemap” by skonfigurować mapę.
Jeśli naszym CMS-em jest WordPress, to sprawa jest jeszcze prostsza! Wystarczy tylko zalogować się do panelu administracyjnego i zainstalować odpowiednią wtyczkę.
W zasadzie, na WordPress’ie jest ich nawet kilka! Najbardziej jednak polecam YoastSEO lub All-in-One SEO. Ja zademonstruję to na przykładzie mojej ulubionej wtyczki – Yoast SEO.
Po zainstalowaniu oraz uruchomieniu wtyczki, wystarczy najechać kursorem na jej ikonę po lewej stronie panelu i wybrać zakładkę “Ogólne” -> “Funkcje”.
Teraz pozostaje tylko kliknąć “Włącz” pod sekcją Mapa Strony XML.
Wygenerowana mapa prezentuje się w ten sposób:
Oczywiście, nasze adresy URL możemy dowolnie modyfikować w panelu administracyjnym.
Gdy już mamy naszą sitemapę, to nie pozostaje nam nic innego jak podzielić się nią z robotami dodając ją do Google.
Jak dodać sitemap.xml do Google?
Samo wygenerowanie pliku nie wystarczy, musimy jeszcze sprawić by był on widoczny dla robotów sieciowych. Możemy to zrobić poprzez umieszczenie dyrektywy sitemap w pliku robots.txt.
Wystarczy uwzględnić tylko jedną linijkę kodu, a Google weźmie Twoją mapę pod uwagę w procesie indeksacji. Prezentuje się to w ten sposób:
Następnym prostym sposobem jest wysłanie prośby do serwera Google z adresem Twojej mapy. Jak to zrobić?
Wystaczy wkleić w przeglądarkę adres: https://www.google.com/ping?sitemap=https://twojadomena.pl/sitemap.xml .
Po kliknięciu Enter, powinien wyświetlić się poniższy komunikat:
Należy pamiętać także by umieścić mapę w narzędziu Google Search Console. Wystarczy kliknąć zakładkę “Mapy witryn” oraz wkleić link do twojej mapy w okienku “Dodaj nową mapę witryny”, kliknąć “Prześlij” i gotowe!
Jeśli wszystko będzie w porządku, po niedługim czasie powinien ukazać się taki widok:
Jakie korzyści niesie zaimplementowanie sitemapy?
Dobrze opracowana mapa witryny pomaga robotom w szybszej indeksacji podstron naszej witryny. Zawiera ona informacje kiedy każda z podstron została utworzona oraz ostatnio zmodyfikowana, co sprzyja prędkości indeksacji.
Jest to szczególnie przydatne jeśli chodzi o witryny z większą ilością podstron, zwłaszcza sklepy internetowe, posiadające setki czy tysiące podstron.
W takim przypadku umożliwia to ustalenie hierarchii URL-ów, pomagając stworzyć strategię indeksacji, gdyż roboty sieciowe nie są w stanie dotrzeć do wszystkich podstron.
Następną zaletą jest fakt, iż gdy tworzymy całkiem nową podstronę i dodamy świeży URL do sitemapy, to podstrona ta zostanie zaindeksowana dużo szybciej, a co za tym idzie – szybciej pojawi się w wynikach wyszukiwania. Tutaj pomocne może okazać się także ręczne zgłoszenie nowego URL-u do indeksacji przy pomocy Google Search Console w sekcji “Sprawdzenie adresów URL” po lewej stronie panelu.
Czas na małe podsumowanie!
Jak widać, nie musisz być webmasterem by uporać się z mapą sieciową sam, zwłaszcza jeśli CMS-em Twojej witryny jest WordPress.
Zawsze jedną z pierwszych czynności, które wykonujemy na stronach naszych klientów jest wygenerowanie sitemapy, ponieważ nie może ona zaszkodzić (o czym zapewnia Google), a tylko pomóc witrynie. Mam nadzieję, że przekonałam Cię do mojej tezy, iż sitemapa to nic skomplikowanego i zachęciłam do jej implementacji. Powodzenia!
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