During I/R injury, gut-derived endotoxins such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can translocate from the gut into the systemic circulation, triggering inflammation and immune activation (Suganya and Koo, 2020
PMCID: PMC4665094
This widespread use reflects deeply rooted cultural beliefs and social norms, despite the significant health risks associated with these products
10.3389/fmicb.2018.00205 25 DamascenoJ
This article extensively outlines the GMs precise regulation of bone metabolic homeostasis, including intestinal barrier homeostasis control, immune homeostasis, the release of metabolic products (e.g., estrogen, IGF-1, and 5-HT signaling), the endocrine system, and the neural circuitry
Engineered probiotics mitigate gut barrier dysfunction induced by nanoplastics