Often, B is given as a separate injection if needed
Applications in Animal Aging Models Animal aging models (such as naturally aged mice, D-galactose-induced aging mice, SAMP8 accelerated senescence mice, etc.) are core carriers for simulating human aging and verifying the efficacy of anti-aging drugs
This includes confirmed low serum vitamin B12 levels, pernicious anaemia, malabsorption states such as coeliac disease, inflammatory bowel disease, or post-gastric or bariatric surgery, unexplained anaemia, neuropathy or neurological symptoms consistent with vitamin B12 deficiency, a long-term vegan diet with symptoms or low levels, or failure of oral vitamin B12 supplementation
Yes, in research
Washington D.C.: ILSI Press
However, outliers were analyzed for these correlations using the interquartile range (IQR) method