Various general autoantibodies have also been identified in ME/CFS, such as those against cellular components including anchorage molecules (514), HSP-60 (515), microtubule associated protein 2 (516), cardiolipin in 92-95% of ME/CFS patients in two studies (509, 510) but only 4% in another study (506), and neo-antigens (517)
Serotonin is a neurotransmitter, a chemical your brain and other tissues naturally make
Contrast-Enhanced MRI
In addition, studies report increased intracellular glutathione (GSH) levels, improved GSH/GSSG ratios, and stabilization of mitochondrial membrane potential
Important limitation: Neither is FDA-approved, and human clinical data relies heavily on animal models and observational reports
BraigDKaiserBThieleJRBannaschHPeterKStarkGBet alA conformational change of C-reactive protein in burn wounds unmasks its proinflammatory properties